Islamic State Part 2 : The Starting Point and The Structuring Of The Sahabah
The Starting Point
When the Messenger of Allah (saw) was sent to mankind with the Message of Islam, he first invited his wife Khadijah and she believed in him. Then he (saw) invited his cousin ‘Ali and he believed in him. He then invited his servant Zayd, and he believed in him. And then he invited his friend Abu Bakr, who also believed in him. He then began inviting people to Islam, some believed and some rejected.
When Abu Bakr embraced Islam, he in turn revealed his belief to the people he trusted and called towards Allah (swt) and His Messenger (saw). Abu Bakr was held in high esteem among his people, they enjoyed his company and always consulted him in many issues. He used his influence to persuade ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan, together with Zubayr ibn al-’Awwam, ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Auf, Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas and Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydullah to embrace Islam. He brought them to the Messenger of Allah (saw) where they all confirmed their belief and offered prayer.
Then, ‘Amir ibn al-Jarrah (known as Abu Ubaydah) embraced Islam, and so did ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abd al-Asad (known as Abu Salamah) as well as al-Arqam ibn Abi al-Arqam, ‘Uthman ibn Maz’un and others. Scores of people then embraced Islam, until it became the talking point among the people of Quraysh.
The Messenger of Allah (saw) at the start of his call would visit people in their homes, telling them that they had been commanded by Allah (swt) to worship Him and to associate none with Him. He (saw) openly invited people to Islam in Makkah, thus abiding by Allah’s command,
"O you wrapped up (in a mantle) arise and deliver the warning." [TMQ 74:1]
After this, the Messenger of Allah (saw) would contact people secretly to teach them Islam and gather them on the basis of the deen.
The Sahabah (companions) used to offer prayers in the hills on the outskirts of Makkah away from Quraysh. Every time someone embraced Islam, Allah’s Messenger (saw) would send him or her someone from those who had embraced Islam earlier to teach them the Qur’an. He (saw) sent Khabbab ibn al-Arrat to teach the Qur’an to Fatima bint al-Khattab and her husband Sa’id. ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab once surprised them whilst they held their circle, and he embraced Islam there and then. The Messenger of Allah (saw) realised that this was not enough though, so he set up the house of al-Arqam ibn Abi al-Arqam as the centre of his call, a place from which he taught Muslims the Qur’an and perfected their knowledge of Islam, encouraging them to recite the Qur’an and understand it. Every time someone embraced Islam, Allah’s Messenger (saw) would join him in the house of al-Arqam. He (saw) pursued this task for three years, teaching this group of Muslims, leading them in prayers, and performing tahajjud at night, motivating their souls, strengthening therefore their belief through prayer and recitation, helping them to improve their way of thinking and to reflect on the verses of the Qur’an and the creation of Allah (swt). He (saw) taught them how to endure all hardships by submitting to Allah (swt).
The Messenger of Allah (saw) remained together with his party of Muslims in the house of al-Arqam until Allah (swt) revealed his saying,
"Therefore, expound openly what you are commanded and turn away from those who join false gods with Allah." [TMQ 15: 94]
The Structuring Of The Sahabah
At the beginning of his call, the Messenger of Allah (saw) invited to Islam people whom he felt had the readiness to accept it, regardless of their age, position, race, or origin. He (saw) never selected people, he invited people indiscriminately and then sensed their readiness to accept Islam. Scores of people believed and embraced Islam. He (saw) was anxious to educate all those who embraced Islam and perfect their knowledge of the deen, as well as teach them the Qur’an. These companions formed a group and they carried the message themselves. Their number grew to over forty men and women, they came from all walks of life, though they were mostly young men. There were among them the poor and the rich, the weak and the strong. This group of Muslims who believed in Allah’s Messenger (saw) and pursued the da‘wah were:
1. ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (8 years old)
2. Zubayr ibn al-’Awwam (8 years old)
3. Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydullah (11 years old)
4. Al-Arqam ibn Abi al-Arqam (12 years old)
5. ‘Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (14 years old)
6. Sa’id ibn Zayd (under twenty)
7. Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas (17 years old)
8. Sa’ud ibn Rabi’ah (17 years old)
9. Ja’far ibn Abi Talib (18 years old)
10. Suhayb al-Rumi (under twenty)
11. Zayd ibn Harithah (about twenty)
12. ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan (about twenty)
13. Tulayb ibn ‘Umayr (about twenty)
14. Khabbab ibn al-Arrat (about twenty)
15. ‘Amir ibn Fuhayrah (23 years old)
16. Mus’ab ibn ‘Umayr (24 years old)
17. Al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad (24 years old)
18. ‘Abdullah ibn Jahsh (25 years old)
19. ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab (26 years old)
20. Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah (27 years old)
21. ‘Utbah ibn Ghazwan (27 years old)
22. Abu Hudhayfah ibn ‘Utbah (30 years old)
23. Bilal ibn Rabah (about 30 years old)
24. ‘Ayyash ibn Rabi’ah (about 30 years old)
25. ‘Amir ibn Rabi’ah (about 30)
26. Na’im ibn ‘Abdullah (about 30)
27. ‘Uthman (30 years old)
28. ‘Abdullah (17 years old)
29. Qudamah (19 years old)
30. Al-Saib (about 20, all four being sons of Maz’un ibn Habib)
31. Abu Salamah ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abd al-Asad al-Makhzumi (about 30)
32. ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Auf (about 30)
33. ‘Ammar ibn Yasir (between 30 and 40)
34. Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (37 years old)
35. Hamzah ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib (42 years old)
36. ‘Ubaydah ibn al-Harith (50 years old)
A number of women also embraced Islam.
After three years, the Messenger of Allah (saw) was relieved and reassured when these Sahabah matured and developed an Islamic culture and when their hearts and minds became filled with nothing but Islamic concepts. He (saw) then became certain that they had acquired a deep understanding of Islam and that their personalities had reached great heights in terms of belief in Allah (swt); only then did his worries ease, for this group of Muslims became strong and capable enough to face society, so he (saw) came out leading his group to confront Quraysh when Allah (swt) ordered him to do so.
Source: The Islamic State Book - Hizb ut-Tahrir
When the Messenger of Allah (saw) was sent to mankind with the Message of Islam, he first invited his wife Khadijah and she believed in him. Then he (saw) invited his cousin ‘Ali and he believed in him. He then invited his servant Zayd, and he believed in him. And then he invited his friend Abu Bakr, who also believed in him. He then began inviting people to Islam, some believed and some rejected.
When Abu Bakr embraced Islam, he in turn revealed his belief to the people he trusted and called towards Allah (swt) and His Messenger (saw). Abu Bakr was held in high esteem among his people, they enjoyed his company and always consulted him in many issues. He used his influence to persuade ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan, together with Zubayr ibn al-’Awwam, ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Auf, Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas and Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydullah to embrace Islam. He brought them to the Messenger of Allah (saw) where they all confirmed their belief and offered prayer.
Then, ‘Amir ibn al-Jarrah (known as Abu Ubaydah) embraced Islam, and so did ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abd al-Asad (known as Abu Salamah) as well as al-Arqam ibn Abi al-Arqam, ‘Uthman ibn Maz’un and others. Scores of people then embraced Islam, until it became the talking point among the people of Quraysh.
The Messenger of Allah (saw) at the start of his call would visit people in their homes, telling them that they had been commanded by Allah (swt) to worship Him and to associate none with Him. He (saw) openly invited people to Islam in Makkah, thus abiding by Allah’s command,
"O you wrapped up (in a mantle) arise and deliver the warning." [TMQ 74:1]
After this, the Messenger of Allah (saw) would contact people secretly to teach them Islam and gather them on the basis of the deen.
The Sahabah (companions) used to offer prayers in the hills on the outskirts of Makkah away from Quraysh. Every time someone embraced Islam, Allah’s Messenger (saw) would send him or her someone from those who had embraced Islam earlier to teach them the Qur’an. He (saw) sent Khabbab ibn al-Arrat to teach the Qur’an to Fatima bint al-Khattab and her husband Sa’id. ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab once surprised them whilst they held their circle, and he embraced Islam there and then. The Messenger of Allah (saw) realised that this was not enough though, so he set up the house of al-Arqam ibn Abi al-Arqam as the centre of his call, a place from which he taught Muslims the Qur’an and perfected their knowledge of Islam, encouraging them to recite the Qur’an and understand it. Every time someone embraced Islam, Allah’s Messenger (saw) would join him in the house of al-Arqam. He (saw) pursued this task for three years, teaching this group of Muslims, leading them in prayers, and performing tahajjud at night, motivating their souls, strengthening therefore their belief through prayer and recitation, helping them to improve their way of thinking and to reflect on the verses of the Qur’an and the creation of Allah (swt). He (saw) taught them how to endure all hardships by submitting to Allah (swt).
The Messenger of Allah (saw) remained together with his party of Muslims in the house of al-Arqam until Allah (swt) revealed his saying,
"Therefore, expound openly what you are commanded and turn away from those who join false gods with Allah." [TMQ 15: 94]
The Structuring Of The Sahabah
At the beginning of his call, the Messenger of Allah (saw) invited to Islam people whom he felt had the readiness to accept it, regardless of their age, position, race, or origin. He (saw) never selected people, he invited people indiscriminately and then sensed their readiness to accept Islam. Scores of people believed and embraced Islam. He (saw) was anxious to educate all those who embraced Islam and perfect their knowledge of the deen, as well as teach them the Qur’an. These companions formed a group and they carried the message themselves. Their number grew to over forty men and women, they came from all walks of life, though they were mostly young men. There were among them the poor and the rich, the weak and the strong. This group of Muslims who believed in Allah’s Messenger (saw) and pursued the da‘wah were:
1. ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (8 years old)
2. Zubayr ibn al-’Awwam (8 years old)
3. Talhah ibn ‘Ubaydullah (11 years old)
4. Al-Arqam ibn Abi al-Arqam (12 years old)
5. ‘Abdullah ibn Mas’ud (14 years old)
6. Sa’id ibn Zayd (under twenty)
7. Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqas (17 years old)
8. Sa’ud ibn Rabi’ah (17 years old)
9. Ja’far ibn Abi Talib (18 years old)
10. Suhayb al-Rumi (under twenty)
11. Zayd ibn Harithah (about twenty)
12. ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan (about twenty)
13. Tulayb ibn ‘Umayr (about twenty)
14. Khabbab ibn al-Arrat (about twenty)
15. ‘Amir ibn Fuhayrah (23 years old)
16. Mus’ab ibn ‘Umayr (24 years old)
17. Al-Miqdad ibn al-Aswad (24 years old)
18. ‘Abdullah ibn Jahsh (25 years old)
19. ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab (26 years old)
20. Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah (27 years old)
21. ‘Utbah ibn Ghazwan (27 years old)
22. Abu Hudhayfah ibn ‘Utbah (30 years old)
23. Bilal ibn Rabah (about 30 years old)
24. ‘Ayyash ibn Rabi’ah (about 30 years old)
25. ‘Amir ibn Rabi’ah (about 30)
26. Na’im ibn ‘Abdullah (about 30)
27. ‘Uthman (30 years old)
28. ‘Abdullah (17 years old)
29. Qudamah (19 years old)
30. Al-Saib (about 20, all four being sons of Maz’un ibn Habib)
31. Abu Salamah ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Abd al-Asad al-Makhzumi (about 30)
32. ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn ‘Auf (about 30)
33. ‘Ammar ibn Yasir (between 30 and 40)
34. Abu Bakr al-Siddiq (37 years old)
35. Hamzah ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib (42 years old)
36. ‘Ubaydah ibn al-Harith (50 years old)
A number of women also embraced Islam.
After three years, the Messenger of Allah (saw) was relieved and reassured when these Sahabah matured and developed an Islamic culture and when their hearts and minds became filled with nothing but Islamic concepts. He (saw) then became certain that they had acquired a deep understanding of Islam and that their personalities had reached great heights in terms of belief in Allah (swt); only then did his worries ease, for this group of Muslims became strong and capable enough to face society, so he (saw) came out leading his group to confront Quraysh when Allah (swt) ordered him to do so.
Source: The Islamic State Book - Hizb ut-Tahrir
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